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United States v. Shoshone Tribe of Indians : ウィキペディア英語版
United States v. Shoshone Tribe of Indians

''United States v. Shoshone Tribe of Indians of the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming'', , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that mineral rights on a reservation belonged to the tribe, not the federal government.〔''United States v. Shoshone Tribe of Indians'', 〕
==Background==
By the Treaty of July 2, 1863 the United States set apart for the Shoshone Tribe of Indians of the Wind River Reservation, a reservation of located in Colorado, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming. By the Treaty of July 3, 1868, the tribe ceded this reservation to the United States. The US agreed that definitely described acres called the "district of country" would be set aside for the absolute and undisturbed use and occupation of the Shoshone Indians. The US also agreed that no persons would be permitted to pass over, settle upon, or reside in that territory. The Shoshone Tribe subsequently made the reservation their permanent home.
At the time, the 1868 Treaty was made the tribe consisted of full-blood Indians who were unable to read, write, or speak English. The reservation contained valuable mineral deposits of gold, oil, coal, and gypsum as well as over of timber. In 1904, the Shoshones and Arapahoes ceded to the US to be held by it in trust for the sale of timber, timber lands, and for the making of leases. The net proceeds were to be credited to the Indians. There were allotted to members of the tribes from 1907 to 1919.
The Court found the fair value of a one-half interest of the Shoshone reservation of a total of , which was taken by the US for the Arapahoes on March 19, 1878 to be US$1,581,889.50. The lower court concluded that the tribe's interest in the land by the Treaty of 1868 included ownership of the mineral and timber rights. The Government appealed to the Supreme Court and asked for reversal with directions to determine the value of the Indians' right of use and occupancy excluding the value of any timber or minerals.〔

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